Expert Diabetic Foot Management at Lightstep Loughborough

Leveraging years of clinical training, our SMAE-certified clinic provides rigorously monitored, gentle, and highly documented foot care for diabetic patients in Leicestershire.

Diabetes is a pervasive health challenge, affecting millions across the UK. While managing blood sugar levels is often the primary focus, the impact of diabetes on foot health is equally critical, yet often underestimated. For individuals living with diabetes, the feet are particularly vulnerable to a range of complications that, if left unaddressed, can lead to severe consequences, including amputation. At Lightstep Loughborough, we understand the profound importance of specialised diabetic foot care, offering expert, compassionate, and preventative services to the community of Loughborough and the wider Leicestershire area.

The Silent Threat: Why Diabetic Foot Care is Non-Negotiable

The intricate network of nerves and blood vessels in your feet makes them susceptible to damage from prolonged high blood sugar levels. This damage typically manifests in two primary ways: neuropathy and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Diabetic neuropathy, or nerve damage, can lead to a loss of sensation, meaning that minor cuts, blisters, or sores may go unnoticed, allowing them to worsen without pain signals. Peripheral artery disease, on the other hand, impairs blood flow to the feet, hindering the body’s ability to heal wounds and fight off infections. Together, these conditions create a dangerous environment where small problems can quickly escalate into serious, limb-threatening complications.

The statistics underscore the severity of this issue. According to the NHS England’s “Diabetes Footcare Pathway Blueprint 2017,” approximately 4.5 million people in the UK live with diabetes, and a significant 10% of them, around 450,000 individuals, will develop a foot ulcer at some point in their lives. More alarmingly, over 7,000 diabetes-related amputations occur each year in the UK. A staggering 80% of these amputations are preceded by a foot ulcer, and up to 80% of these are considered avoidable with proper care. Furthermore, the five-year mortality rate for patients who develop a diabetic foot ulcer is 50%, a figure that, tragically, surpasses that of many common cancers. The financial burden on the NHS is also substantial, with an estimated £1 billion spent annually on diabetic foot care.

These figures are not just statistics; they represent lives profoundly impacted by a preventable condition. This is why our mission at Lightstep Loughborough is to provide proactive, comprehensive foot care designed to mitigate these risks and preserve the health and mobility of our diabetic patients.

Understanding Common Diabetic Foot Problems

Living with diabetes means being vigilant about several specific foot conditions:

• Diabetic Neuropathy: As mentioned, nerve damage can lead to numbness, tingling, or burning sensations. This loss of protective sensation is particularly dangerous, as injuries may go undetected.
• Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): Reduced blood flow can cause pain in the legs and feet during activity, cold feet, and slow-healing wounds. Poor circulation means less oxygen and fewer infection-fighting cells reach the feet, making any injury a serious concern.
• Foot Ulcers: These open sores or wounds, often found on the sole of the foot or toes, are the most common precursor to amputation. They can develop from minor cuts, blisters, or pressure points that go unnoticed due to neuropathy and struggle to heal due to poor circulation.
• Infections: Any break in the skin can become infected. Due to impaired immune function and poor blood supply, infections can spread rapidly, sometimes leading to abscesses or even gangrene, which is the death of body tissue.
• Charcot Foot: A rare but severe complication where bones in the foot weaken and fracture, often without pain, leading to significant foot deformity.

The Lightstep Loughborough Difference: Your Partner in Foot Health

At Lightstep Loughborough, we believe that exceptional diabetic foot care goes beyond routine check-ups. Our approach is built on expertise, empathy, and a commitment to patient education and preventative strategies. Here’s what sets us apart:

SMAE-Certified Expertise: Our practitioners are SMAE-certified, meaning they have undergone rigorous training and adhere to the highest standards of professional practice in foot health. This certification ensures that you receive care from highly qualified and knowledgeable specialists dedicated to the unique needs of diabetic patients.

Rigorous Monitoring and Documentation: Precision and thoroughness are hallmarks of our clinic. Every visit involves a meticulous examination of your feet, including assessment of nerve sensation, circulation, skin integrity, and footwear. We maintain detailed documentation of your foot health status, tracking changes over time to identify potential issues early and tailor your treatment plan effectively. This systematic approach is crucial for preventing progression of diabetic foot disease.

Gentle and Compassionate Care: We understand that foot examinations and treatments can sometimes be a source of anxiety, especially for those with sensitive feet or pre-existing discomfort. Our team is committed to providing a gentle, reassuring, and comfortable experience at every appointment. Your comfort and peace of mind are paramount.

Personalised Treatment Plans: There’s no one-size-fits-all solution for diabetic foot care. We develop individualised treatment plans based on your specific risk factors, existing conditions, and lifestyle. This might include regular nail care, callus reduction, wound management, advice on appropriate footwear, or custom orthotics.

Focus on Prevention and Education: Our ultimate goal is to prevent complications before they arise. We empower our patients with the knowledge and tools they need to take an active role in their foot health. This includes comprehensive advice on daily foot checks, proper hygiene, moisturising techniques, and avoiding common pitfalls like self-treating corns or calluses with harsh remedies. We guide you on selecting appropriate footwear that provides adequate support and protection, minimising pressure points and friction.

Looking Ahead to 2026 and Beyond

As we move towards 2026, the landscape of diabetes management continues to evolve, with increasing emphasis on integrated care and advanced preventative strategies. Lightstep Loughborough remains at the forefront, continually updating our practices and knowledge to incorporate the latest guidelines and best practices in diabetic foot care. We are dedicated to ensuring that our patients receive the most current and effective treatments available, supporting their long-term health and well-being.

When to Seek Professional Help

While daily self-checks are vital, it’s crucial to know when to seek professional help. Do not delay in contacting Lightstep Loughborough, your GP, or a medical professional if you notice any of the following signs:

• Any cut, blister, sore, or wound that doesn’t start healing within a day.
• Changes in skin colour (redness, blue/purple discoloration).
• Swelling or inflammation in any part of the foot or ankle.
• Increased warmth in one foot compared to the other.
• Pus or drainage from a wound.
• Fever or chills (signs of infection).
• Persistent pain or discomfort.
• A change in the shape of your foot.

Invest in Your Foot Health Today

Your feet are the foundation of your mobility and independence. For those with diabetes, proactive and professional foot care is not just a recommendation; it’s an essential component of overall health management. At Lightstep Loughborough, we are proud to be a trusted provider of expert diabetic foot management in Leicestershire. Our SMAE-certified practitioners combine clinical excellence with a gentle, patient-centred approach, ensuring that you receive the highest standard of care.

Don’t wait for a problem to become severe. Take a positive step towards safeguarding your foot health. Contact Lightstep Loughborough today to schedule your comprehensive diabetic foot assessment. Let us be your partner in keeping your feet healthy, active, and free from complications for years to come.

References:

1. NHS England. (2017). Diabetes Footcare Pathway Blueprint 2017. Available at: https://www.england.nhs.uk/publication/diabetes-footcare-pathway-blueprint-2017/ (Note: While the direct URL for the document might have changed over time, search engines can typically locate the latest version or relevant information from NHS England by searching the title).
2. NHS. (2023). Peripheral neuropathy – Complications. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/complications/ and Diabetes and your feet – High risk. Available at: https://www.leicestershirediabetes.org.uk/resources/diabetes-and-your-feet-high-risk-v10-final.pdf

Early Clinical Indicators of Diabetic Foot Complications

Ischemic changes, hair loss on the toes, or temperature gradients indicate poor vascular health. Learn the warning signs that require an urgent diabetic assessment at Lightstep.

Diabetes is a chronic condition that, if not carefully managed, can lead to a range of severe complications, particularly affecting the feet. For individuals living with diabetes in Loughborough and beyond, understanding the early clinical indicators of foot complications is not just important—it’s crucial for preventing serious health outcomes, including amputation. At Lightstep Foot Clinic, we see firsthand how early detection and intervention can drastically change a patient’s prognosis. This article will guide you through the subtle yet critical warning signs that demand your immediate attention and a professional diabetic foot assessment.

The Silent Threat: Why Early Detection Matters

The feet are particularly vulnerable in people with diabetes due to two primary reasons: nerve damage (diabetic neuropathy) and poor circulation (peripheral artery disease, or PAD). Diabetic neuropathy can cause a loss of sensation, meaning injuries, blisters, or infections might go unnoticed. Meanwhile, PAD reduces blood flow to the feet, impairing the body’s ability to heal wounds and fight off infections. Together, these conditions create a dangerous environment where minor issues can quickly escalate into severe infections, ulcers, and even gangrene if not addressed promptly.

Recognising these issues early is key to effective management and prevention of severe complications. Regular self-examination, coupled with professional podiatric care, forms the cornerstone of diabetic foot health, especially as we navigate the health challenges of 2026 and beyond.

Key Early Clinical Indicators to Watch For

Being vigilant about changes in your feet can be life-saving. Here are the critical early indicators of diabetic foot complications:

1. Sensory Changes (Diabetic Neuropathy)

• Numbness or Tingling: Often described as “pins and needles,” this can be an early sign of nerve damage. You might notice a decreased ability to feel pain, temperature, or pressure.
• Burning or Shooting Pains: While some experience numbness, others might feel uncomfortable burning sensations, especially at night.
• Loss of Sensation: The inability to feel minor cuts, blisters, or even objects in your shoe is a significant warning sign. This can be assessed by a podiatrist using a monofilament test, which checks your protective sensation.

2. Vascular Changes (Peripheral Artery Disease – PAD)

As highlighted in our excerpt, poor vascular health manifests through several indicators:

• Ischemic Changes and Skin Colour Alterations: Look for changes such as redness, a bluish tint (cyanosis), or a pale, waxy appearance. These suggest reduced blood flow.
• Temperature Gradients: Your feet or parts of your feet may feel unusually cool to the touch compared to your calves or the rest of your body. This is a critical indicator of poor circulation.
• Hair Loss on Toes, Feet, and Lower Legs: A diminished blood supply can lead to reduced hair growth on the feet and toes.
• Shiny Skin: The skin on your feet and lower legs may appear shiny, thin, and stretched due to lack of nourishment.
• Intermittent Claudication: This is pain or cramping in your calf muscles or feet that occurs during exercise (like walking) and subsides with rest. It indicates that your muscles aren’t getting enough oxygen due to narrowed arteries.
• Slow-Healing Wounds: Any cut, scrape, or blister that takes an unusually long time to heal, or doesn’t heal at all, is a serious sign of impaired circulation.

3. Skin and Nail Abnormalities

• Dry, Cracked Skin: Diabetes can affect the natural moisture balance of your skin, leading to dryness and cracks, especially on the heels. These cracks can become entry points for bacteria.
• Blisters, Cuts, Sores, and Calluses: Pay close attention to any breaks in the skin, however small. Even seemingly harmless calluses can hide underlying ulcers, particularly if they are hard and thick.
• Ingrown Toenails: If left untreated, ingrown toenails can easily lead to infection in a diabetic foot.
• Fungal Infections: Athlete’s foot (red, itchy, scaly skin) and toenail fungus (thick, discoloured, brittle nails) are common and can compromise skin integrity, increasing the risk of more severe complications.

4. Early Signs of Infection

An infection in a diabetic foot can progress rapidly and become limb-threatening. Be alert for:

• Redness and Swelling: Increased redness around a wound or general swelling in the foot.
• Warmth: The affected area may feel noticeably warmer to the touch.
• Pain or Tenderness: While neuropathy can mask pain, any new or increasing discomfort should be investigated.
• Drainage or Pus: Any fluid or pus on your foot, sock, or shoe is a clear sign of infection and requires immediate medical attention.
• Foul Odour: A pungent or foul smell emanating from a wound or the foot often indicates infection.
• Fever or Chills: These are systemic signs that the infection is spreading throughout your body and are an urgent medical emergency.

Why These Signs are Critical for Diabetics

The presence of ischemic changes, hair loss on the toes, or temperature gradients are not just minor inconveniences; they are strong indicators of poor vascular health. This means blood vessels are likely narrowed or blocked, significantly reducing oxygen and nutrient supply to the foot tissues. This impairment dramatically slows down the body’s natural healing processes, making individuals incredibly susceptible to non-healing wounds and severe infections. Left unaddressed, these issues can lead to gangrene and the eventual need for amputation. Therefore, recognising these warning signs necessitates an urgent diabetic assessment at a specialized foot clinic like Lightstep.

Taking Proactive Steps: Your Role in Foot Health

Maintaining excellent foot health when living with diabetes involves consistent self-care and professional guidance:

• Daily Foot Inspection: Make it a daily habit to check your feet thoroughly for any cuts, blisters, redness, swelling, or changes in skin or nail appearance. Use a mirror if needed to check the soles.
• Proper Foot Hygiene: Wash your feet daily with lukewarm water and mild soap, drying them gently, especially between the toes. Moisturise dry skin but avoid between the toes to prevent fungal growth.
• Appropriate Footwear: Always wear well-fitting shoes and socks that protect your feet. Avoid going barefoot, even indoors.
• Blood Sugar Control: Managing your blood glucose levels is fundamental to preventing and slowing the progression of diabetic complications.
• Regular Podiatric Check-ups: Regular visits to a podiatrist are vital for professional assessment, early diagnosis, and preventive care.

Lightstep Foot Clinic: Your Partner in Diabetic Foot Care in Loughborough

At Lightstep Foot Clinic in Loughborough, we specialise in comprehensive diabetic foot care. Our experienced podiatrists are skilled in identifying these early clinical indicators, performing thorough diabetic foot assessments, and developing personalised care plans tailored to your needs. We understand the complexities of diabetic foot health and are committed to providing the highest standard of care to help you maintain mobility and prevent serious complications. Whether you need routine foot care, wound management, or advice on protective footwear, we are here to support you. Don’t wait for a problem to escalate; proactive care is paramount for safeguarding your foot health in 2026 and the years to come.

Conclusion

Living with diabetes requires diligence, especially when it comes to your feet. The early clinical indicators of diabetic foot complications are often subtle, but their recognition can make all the difference in preventing severe outcomes. If you notice any of the warning signs discussed—whether it’s changes in sensation, unusual skin colour, hair loss, temperature differences, or slow-healing wounds—it’s imperative to seek professional help immediately. Contact Lightstep Foot Clinic in Loughborough for an urgent diabetic assessment. Your feet are invaluable, and early intervention is your best defense against diabetic foot complications.

References

1. Diabetes-Related Foot Conditions: Symptoms & Treatment – Cleveland Clinic
2. Diabetic Foot Infections – AAFP

Why Salicylic Acid is Dangerous for Diabetic Feet

Excerpt: Over-the-counter corn plasters use non-selective acids that easily destroy fragile diabetic tissue. Always seek safe, mechanical enucleation at our SMAE-certified Loughborough clinic.

For many, the appearance of a painful corn or callus on the foot is an irritating but manageable nuisance. A quick trip to the pharmacy for an over-the-counter corn plaster, often containing salicylic acid, might seem like a simple solution. However, for individuals living with diabetes, this seemingly innocuous self-treatment can lead to devastating consequences. At Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, UK, we cannot stress enough the critical importance of avoiding such products, as they pose a significant threat to diabetic foot health. Understanding why salicylic acid is dangerous is the first step towards safeguarding your feet and preventing severe complications.

The Fragility of Diabetic Feet: A Silent Threat

Diabetes is a systemic condition that impacts various parts of the body, and the feet are particularly vulnerable. Three primary complications often converge to create a high-risk environment for foot injuries:

1. Peripheral Neuropathy: This nerve damage can lead to a loss of sensation in the feet. A person with neuropathy may not feel pain, pressure, heat, or cold, meaning they could sustain an injury without even knowing it.
2. Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): Diabetes can impair blood flow to the lower extremities. Poor circulation means that cuts, sores, or even minor irritations receive inadequate oxygen and nutrients, significantly delaying healing.
3. Compromised Immune System: The body’s ability to fight off infections is often weakened in people with diabetes. What might be a minor infection for a non-diabetic can rapidly escalate into a serious, limb-threatening infection for someone with diabetes.

These factors combine to make diabetic feet incredibly fragile and highly susceptible to damage and slow-healing wounds. Even a small abrasion can become an entry point for bacteria, leading to serious infections, ulcers, and in the most severe cases, amputation.

How Salicylic Acid Works (and Why It Fails Diabetics)

Salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent, meaning it works by dissolving keratin, the protein that makes up thickened skin. It’s found in many over-the-counter products designed to treat warts, acne, corns, and calluses. The acid effectively exfoliates and softens the hardened layers of skin.

The critical problem for diabetic individuals lies in the non-selective nature of salicylic acid. While it targets thickened skin, it cannot differentiate between the hard, dead skin of a callus and the delicate, often compromised, healthy tissue underneath or adjacent to it. For someone with healthy circulation and sensation, any irritation or burning from the acid prompts immediate removal. However, for a diabetic foot:

• Unfelt Damage: Due to neuropathy, the burning or irritation caused by the salicylic acid may go completely unnoticed. This means the plaster or acid can remain on the skin for too long, causing extensive chemical burns.
• Deep Tissue Damage: Prolonged exposure or high concentrations of salicylic acid can lead to deep tissue damage, creating an open wound or chemical ulcer.
• Delayed Healing & Infection: With poor circulation and a weakened immune system, these chemically induced wounds heal slowly and are highly prone to infection. What starts as an attempt to remove a callus can quickly evolve into a non-healing foot ulcer, a significant precursor to amputation.
• Systemic Absorption: In rare instances, particularly when applied to large areas or compromised skin, salicylic acid can be absorbed into the bloodstream, posing a risk of systemic salicylate toxicity.

In essence, applying salicylic acid to a diabetic foot is like trying to remove a stubborn stain from delicate fabric with harsh chemicals – you risk destroying the fabric itself. Many salicylic acid products carry explicit warnings against use by diabetic patients for these very reasons.

The Safe Alternative: Professional Care at Light Step Foot Clinic

Given the significant risks associated with self-treating corns and calluses with salicylic acid, it is paramount that individuals with diabetes seek professional care. At Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, we specialise in safe, effective, and tailored foot care for diabetic patients. Our approach focuses on:

1. Mechanical Enucleation: This is the gold standard for removing corns and calluses safely. Our SMAE-certified practitioners use sterile, specialised instruments to carefully and precisely pare away the hardened skin without damaging surrounding healthy tissue. This mechanical removal is quick, painless, and significantly reduces the risk of chemical burns, infections, or ulceration.
2. Comprehensive Foot Assessments: During your visit, we don’t just treat the immediate problem. We perform thorough foot examinations, assessing skin integrity, sensation, circulation, and identifying any structural deformities or pressure points that contribute to callus formation. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends comprehensive foot evaluations at least annually, and more frequently for high-risk individuals, to identify factors for ulcers and amputations. This proactive approach is crucial for preventing future complications, particularly in 2026, as medical understanding and best practices continue to evolve.
3. Patient Education: We empower our patients with the knowledge and tools to maintain optimal foot health between appointments. This includes advice on proper footwear, daily foot checks, and moisturising routines.
4. Early Intervention: Addressing corns and calluses promptly and professionally can prevent them from developing into more serious problems. Delaying treatment or attempting DIY solutions only increases the risk.

Essential Foot Care Guidelines for Diabetics

Beyond professional treatment, daily self-care plays a vital role in preventing diabetic foot complications. Here are some key guidelines:

• Inspect Your Feet Daily: Look for any cuts, blisters, redness, swelling, or changes to the nails. Use a mirror if needed to check the bottoms of your feet. If you notice anything unusual, contact your foot care specialist immediately.
• Wash Your Feet Daily: Use lukewarm water and a mild soap. Gently dry your feet, especially between the toes, to prevent fungal infections.
• Moisturise Regularly: Apply a good quality moisturiser to your feet to prevent dry, cracked skin, but avoid applying it between your toes.
• Wear Appropriate Footwear: Choose well-fitting shoes that provide adequate support and cushioning. Avoid tight shoes, high heels, or shoes with pointed toes that can cause pressure points. Always check inside your shoes for foreign objects before putting them on.
• Never Walk Barefoot: Even at home, always wear shoes or slippers to protect your feet from injury.
• Trim Nails Carefully: Cut nails straight across and file the edges. If you have any concerns, let your podiatrist manage your nail care.
• Maintain Blood Sugar Control: Managing your diabetes effectively is fundamental to preventing all complications, including those affecting your feet.
• Regular Podiatry Appointments: Regular visits to our SMAE-certified Loughborough clinic ensure that any potential problems are identified and managed early, before they become serious.

Conclusion

While the desire to quickly alleviate discomfort from corns and calluses is understandable, for individuals with diabetes, the risks associated with salicylic acid are simply too high. Over-the-counter corn plasters and liquid acid removers can cause irreversible damage due to neuropathy, poor circulation, and impaired healing. This can quickly escalate a minor foot issue into a serious medical emergency, potentially leading to ulceration and even amputation. Your feet are invaluable, and their health requires diligent, professional care.

At Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, our SMAE-certified practitioners are dedicated to providing the safest and most effective treatments for your foot health. If you are experiencing corns, calluses, or any other foot concerns, especially if you have diabetes, please do not hesitate to contact us. We are here to offer expert mechanical enucleation and comprehensive care, ensuring your feet remain healthy and pain-free for years to come.

Protect your feet – choose professional care over risky self-treatment. Your well-being is our priority.

References

• SkinIntegra. (2024, March 15). Why Salicylic Acid Is Unsafe for Diabetic Callus Treatment.
• Dr.Oracle. (2026, January 29). What is the recommended treatment for a diabetic patient with a callus using salicylic acid 24 percent cream?

Evidence-Based Daily Care for the Diabetic Foot

Living with diabetes necessitates a vigilant approach to health, and perhaps no area demands more consistent attention than foot care. While professional podiatric interventions are undeniably crucial, the power of daily home care in reducing the risk of serious complications cannot be overstated. Astonishingly, consistent daily care can slash complication risks by up to 40%. At Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, we empower our patients with expert, evidence-based advice to integrate vital routines into their lives. This comprehensive guide will delve into critical aspects of diabetic foot care, including essential daily foot inspections, safe washing practices, and the benefits of emollient therapy, all designed to safeguard your foot health in 2026 and beyond.

The Silent Threat: Why Daily Diabetic Foot Care is Non-Negotiable

Diabetes, if not meticulously managed, can lead to two primary issues that gravely endanger foot health: peripheral neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease. Peripheral neuropathy, or nerve damage, can diminish sensation in the feet, meaning you might not feel cuts, blisters, or pressure points that could otherwise cause pain. A small pebble in a shoe or an unnoticed cut can escalate into a severe wound without you ever knowing. Peripheral arterial disease, on the other hand, impairs blood flow to the feet, hindering the body’s ability to heal injuries and fight off infections. What might be a minor scrape for someone without diabetes can become a non-healing ulcer for a person with diabetes, potentially leading to infection, gangrene, and in severe cases, amputation.

The good news, as emphasized by guidelines from leading health organizations, is that many of these dire outcomes are preventable through proactive, consistent daily routines. Empowering yourself with knowledge and practical habits is your first line of defense. This commitment to daily care not only prevents problems but also offers peace of mind and supports better overall mobility and quality of life.

Your Daily Foot Health Ritual: Key Components

Building a robust daily foot care routine doesn’t have to be complicated, but it does require consistency and attention to detail. Here are the cornerstone practices recommended by experts, adapted with the insights we provide at Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough:

1. The Indispensable Daily Foot Inspection

This is arguably the most critical step. Every single day, ideally in the morning or evening, you must meticulously inspect your feet. Because nerve damage can mask pain, visual inspection becomes your primary tool for early detection. Here’s what to look for:

• Cuts, Scrapes, and Blisters: Even the tiniest break in the skin can be an entry point for infection.
• Redness and Swelling: These can indicate inflammation, infection, or excessive pressure.
• Changes in Skin Colour: Discoloration, especially bluish or purplish tints, could signal circulation issues.
• Bruises: Unexplained bruising could be a sign of injury.
• Warm Spots: Areas that feel warmer than the surrounding skin can indicate inflammation or infection.
• Sores or Ulcers: Any open wound, no matter how small, requires immediate attention.
• Calluses and Corns: While common, in diabetic feet, these can signify pressure points and hide underlying issues. Never attempt to remove them yourself.
• Nail Changes: Look for ingrown toenails, fungal infections (discoloration, thickening), or any lifting of the nail.
• Cracks, particularly on the heels: Dry skin can crack, creating openings for bacteria.

Don’t forget the often-overlooked areas: between your toes, the soles of your feet, and your heels. If you have difficulty bending or seeing the bottoms of your feet, use a mirror or ask a family member to assist you. Early detection is paramount; if you notice anything unusual, contact Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough immediately. Do not wait for it to worsen.

2. Safe Washing Practices: Cleanliness Without Compromise

Maintaining clean feet is fundamental, but the method is key for individuals with diabetes.

• Temperature Control: Always check the water temperature with your elbow or wrist before immersing your feet. Neuropathy can impair your ability to accurately gauge heat, making you susceptible to burns from overly hot water. Lukewarm is ideal.
• Gentle Cleansing: Use a mild soap and a soft washcloth or sponge. Avoid harsh scrubbing that can irritate delicate skin.
• No Prolonged Soaking: While soaking might feel good, prolonged immersion can dry out the skin, making it more prone to cracking. A quick, gentle wash is sufficient.
• Thorough Drying: This step is crucial. Pat your feet dry gently with a soft towel, paying meticulous attention to the spaces between your toes. Lingering moisture between the toes creates an ideal breeding ground for fungal infections, which can compromise skin integrity and lead to other problems.

3. Emollient Therapy: Nurturing Your Skin Barrier

Dry, cracked skin is a common issue and a significant risk factor for diabetic foot complications. Emollient therapy, or regular moisturizing, helps to keep the skin supple and intact, acting as a vital barrier against infection. At Light Step, we often recommend this as a cornerstone of your daily routine.

• Choose Wisely: Opt for a plain, unscented, hypoallergenic moisturizer or emollient cream. Avoid products containing alcohol, which can be drying.
• Strategic Application: Apply the emollient to the tops and bottoms of your feet, focusing on dry areas like the heels and balls of the feet.
• Crucial Exception: **Never apply moisturizer between your toes**. As with washing, this can trap moisture and encourage fungal growth.
• Consistency: Integrate moisturizing into your daily routine after washing and drying your feet to lock in hydration.

Beyond the Basics: Further Protective Measures

While daily inspections, washing, and moisturizing form the core, other practices significantly contribute to overall foot health:

• Appropriate Footwear and Socks: Always wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes that provide adequate support and protection. Avoid tight shoes, high heels, and open-toed footwear that can cause rubbing, blisters, or expose your feet to injury. Inspect your shoes daily for foreign objects, rough seams, or worn areas before putting them on. Wear clean, dry socks made of moisture-wicking materials. Seamless socks designed for diabetics are an excellent choice as they reduce friction and pressure points. Never walk barefoot, even indoors.
• Careful Nail Trimming: Trim toenails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails. Use a clean, sharp nail clipper and file any sharp edges. If you have thick, brittle, or ingrown nails, or if you have difficulty reaching your feet, it is safer to have a podiatrist at Light Step Foot Clinic manage your nail care.
• Blood Sugar Control: While not a direct foot care step, maintaining stable blood glucose levels is fundamental to preventing and managing all diabetes-related complications, including those affecting the feet. Regular monitoring and adherence to your diabetes management plan are vital.

When to Seek Professional Expertise in Loughborough

Even with the most diligent home care, professional oversight is indispensable. At Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, we advocate for regular comprehensive foot examinations, ideally annually or more frequently if you are at higher risk. These examinations allow our skilled podiatrists to assess nerve sensation, circulation, skin integrity, and identify any subtle changes you might miss.

It is imperative to contact us immediately if you observe any of the following:

• Any cut, blister, sore, or wound that doesn’t heal within a day or two.
• Signs of infection: increasing redness, warmth, swelling, pain, or pus.
• Any new numbness, tingling, or burning sensation in your feet.
• Changes in foot colour or temperature.
• An ingrown toenail that is painful or red.
• Persistent pain in your feet or ankles.

Early intervention is key to preventing minor issues from becoming major problems. Our team at Light Step Foot Clinic is dedicated to providing personalised care, expert advice, and advanced treatments to protect your foot health.

Embrace a Healthier Future for Your Feet in 2026

The commitment to daily, evidence-based diabetic foot care is an investment in your long-term health and well-being. By diligently incorporating foot inspections, safe washing, and emollient therapy into your routine, you are taking powerful steps to mitigate risks and maintain active, healthy feet. Remember, you don’t have to navigate this journey alone. The dedicated professionals at Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough are here to support you with comprehensive care and tailored guidance, ensuring your feet remain healthy and active for years to come. Take that crucial step today for better foot health tomorrow.

—

References

1. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2026. Accessible from: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/issue/current
2. Cleveland Clinic. Diabetic Foot Care Guidelines. Accessible from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/diabetic-foot-care-guidelines

How Loss of Protective Sensation (LOPS) Affects You

LOPS means you cannot feel trauma to the foot. Learn why regular visual and clinical inspections at 56 Sparrow Hill are the first line of defense for neuropathy patients.

Imagine a life where a pebble in your shoe goes unnoticed, a blister festers without a twinge of pain, or a minor cut turns into a serious wound because your body’s natural alarm system has failed. This silent, insidious threat is known as Loss of Protective Sensation (LOPS), a condition that profoundly impacts foot health, especially for individuals managing conditions like diabetes. For the residents of Loughborough and beyond, understanding LOPS is the first critical step in safeguarding your mobility and overall well-being. At Light Step Foot Clinic, located conveniently at 56 Sparrow Hill, we are dedicated to illuminating this often-overlooked danger and providing the expert care needed to prevent devastating complications.

What Exactly is Loss of Protective Sensation (LOPS)?

At its core, Loss of Protective Sensation refers to the inability to feel pain, temperature changes, or pressure due to nerve damage. Our ability to sense pain, heat, or cold is a fundamental protective mechanism. If you accidentally touch a hot surface, the immediate pain signal prompts you to withdraw your hand. Similarly, stepping on a sharp object or developing an area of intense pressure would normally cause discomfort, alerting you to a potential injury. With LOPS, this vital feedback system is compromised or entirely absent. The nerves responsible for transmitting these warning signals from your feet to your brain are damaged, leaving your feet vulnerable to trauma that goes completely unnoticed. This lack of sensation means that injuries can occur and worsen silently, paving the way for serious health issues.

The Root Causes: Why LOPS Develops

The most prevalent cause of LOPS is diabetic peripheral neuropathy, a widespread complication affecting a significant percentage of people with diabetes. High blood sugar levels, sustained over time, gradually damage the peripheral nerves, particularly those extending to the extremities. This damage typically begins in the longest nerves, manifesting first in the feet, and can later affect the hands in a characteristic “stocking-glove” pattern. As nerve function deteriorates, the ability to feel pain, temperature, and pressure diminishes, leading directly to LOPS. It’s a slow, insidious process that often develops without obvious symptoms in its early stages.

However, diabetes is not the sole culprit. LOPS can also stem from a range of other conditions, including:

• Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): Reduced blood flow can compromise nerve health.
• Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks nerve tissue.
• Trauma: Direct injury to nerves can cause localized LOPS.
• Infections: Certain infections can lead to nerve damage.
• Genetic Factors: Some inherited conditions predispose individuals to neuropathy.
• Exposure to Toxins: Certain medications (like chemotherapy), heavy metals, or excessive alcohol consumption can be neurotoxic.
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of essential vitamins, such as B12, can impair nerve function.

Regardless of the cause, early detection of nerve damage is paramount. Regular assessments by a foot health professional are critical for identifying the onset of LOPS before severe complications arise.

The Alarming Consequences: Risks Associated with LOPS

The absence of protective sensation transforms your feet into a high-risk zone. When you cannot feel pain, even minor incidents can escalate into severe problems:

• Unnoticed Injuries: Simply walking barefoot, wearing ill-fitting shoes, or having a foreign object in your shoe can cause cuts, scrapes, blisters, or bruises that go completely undetected. These seemingly minor traumas become significant entry points for infection.
• Calluses and Corns: Areas of repeated pressure or friction will naturally develop calluses and corns as the body’s protective response. However, with LOPS, the pressure that causes these skin thickenings is not felt, meaning they can build up excessively, leading to breakdown of the underlying skin and tissue.
• Foot Ulcer Formation: This is arguably the most dangerous immediate risk. Unnoticed wounds, whether from pressure, friction, or cuts, can progress rapidly into chronic, non-healing ulcers. For individuals with diabetes, who often also suffer from poor circulation, these ulcers are notoriously difficult to heal and can persist for months, or even years.
• Infection: Foot ulcers provide an open door for bacteria. Without the warning sign of pain, an infection can spread rapidly and deeply into the tissues and even bone, sometimes before any visible signs of infection are noticed.
• Charcot Foot: In severe cases of LOPS, particularly in diabetic neuropathy, repeated unnoticed trauma can lead to a condition called Charcot foot. This involves progressive degeneration of the bones and joints in the foot, leading to severe deformity, instability, and increased risk of further injury.
• Amputation: The most tragic outcome of uncontrolled infection, deep ulcers, or severe Charcot foot is gangrene (tissue death), which often necessitates the amputation of a toe, foot, or even part of the leg. It’s a stark reality that could often be prevented with diligent care.

Proactive Steps for Protection: Managing LOPS in 2026

Living with LOPS requires a proactive and vigilant approach to foot care. While you cannot regain lost sensation, you can adopt strategies to protect your feet from harm. Here are essential steps:

• Daily Visual Inspection: Since your feet cannot send sensory warnings, your eyes must become your primary protective mechanism. Every day, thoroughly inspect the tops, bottoms, sides, heels, and between each toe. Look for any changes: redness, swelling, blisters, cuts, scrapes, splinters, ingrown toenails, calluses, corns, or changes in skin colour or temperature. Use a mirror or ask a family member for help if you cannot easily see the bottoms of your feet.
• Proper Footwear:
  • Always Wear Shoes: Even indoors, shoes act as a vital barrier against unseen hazards.
  • Well-Fitting Shoes: Ensure your shoes are professionally fitted and offer ample room, cushioning, and support. Avoid tight shoes, high heels, or shoes with pointed toes that can cause friction and pressure points. Our team at Light Step can guide you on appropriate footwear stores and styles.
  • Change Shoes Regularly: If possible, change your shoes once or twice a day to redistribute pressure points and reduce the risk of rubbing.
  • Diabetic Socks: Opt for seamless, non-constricting socks made from moisture-wicking materials to prevent rubbing and keep feet dry.
• Never Self-Treat: With LOPS, attempting to trim your own toenails, remove calluses, or treat corns with over-the-counter remedies is extremely risky. A small slip or misjudgment can lead to a significant wound that you won’t feel, quickly leading to infection. These tasks should only be performed by a qualified podiatrist.
• Maintain Blood Glucose Control (for diabetics): If you have diabetes, diligent management of your blood sugar levels is crucial. Good glycemic control can help prevent further nerve damage and may even improve some symptoms, preventing the progression of LOPS. This involves regular monitoring, adherence to dietary recommendations, and consistent exercise, all in consultation with your medical doctor.

The Indispensable Role of Professional Podiatric Care at Light Step

While daily self-care is vital, it cannot replace the expertise of a professional podiatrist. For anyone with LOPS, regular visits to Light Step Foot Clinic are not merely beneficial; they are a critical component of preventative care. Here’s why:

• Early Detection: Our skilled podiatrists can perform specialized tests, such as monofilament testing, to accurately assess your sensation levels and detect nerve damage even before you notice symptoms.
• Routine Foot Examinations: Annual foot exams are essential, allowing us to identify subtle changes, pressure points, and early signs of trouble that might be missed during self-inspection.
• Professional Foot Care: We safely and expertly trim toenails, reduce calluses, and treat corns, minimizing the risk of injury that can arise from self-treatment.
• Footwear and Orthotic Advice: We provide personalized recommendations for appropriate footwear and can prescribe custom orthotic devices to redistribute pressure, support your feet, and prevent future complications.
• Wound Management: Should a wound or ulcer develop, our team is equipped to provide prompt and effective wound care, crucial for preventing infection and promoting healing.
• Patient Education: We empower our patients with comprehensive knowledge on daily foot care practices, helping you understand and manage your condition effectively.

In 2026, with advancements in foot care and a heightened awareness of conditions like LOPS, there’s no reason to leave your foot health to chance. Our friendly and experienced team at Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, located at 56 Sparrow Hill, is here to be your first line of defense. We understand the unique challenges faced by neuropathy patients and are committed to providing the highest standard of preventative and therapeutic care for the community.

Conclusion: Prioritizing Your Foot Health

Loss of Protective Sensation is a serious condition that can lead to devastating consequences if left unmanaged. However, with consistent daily vigilance and regular professional podiatric care, these outcomes are largely preventable. Your feet are your foundation, supporting you through every step of life. Don’t let LOPS silently compromise your mobility and independence. Make your foot health a priority today. Schedule your regular visual and clinical inspection at Light Step Foot Clinic at 56 Sparrow Hill. Take that proactive step towards a healthier, happier future for your feet.

References:

1. Indy Podiatry. (2026, March 10). Diabetic Neuropathy: Loss of Protective Sensation. Retrieved from https://indypodiatry.com/blog/diabetic-neuropathy-loss-of-protective-sensation
2. Brisbane Physiotherapy & Podiatry. (2026, April 02). What Is Neuropathy and Loss of Protective Sensation. Retrieved from https://www.brisbanepodiatry.com.au/neuropathy-loss-of-protective-sensation

The Risks of DIY Nail Cutting for Diabetics

A minor nick in a diabetic foot can lead to rapid bacterial infection due to compromised immunity. Trust our qualified Loughborough practitioners for safe, specialized diabetic nail care.

For most people, trimming toenails is a routine, almost thoughtless task. A quick clip, a file, and you’re done. But for individuals living with diabetes, this seemingly simple act carries a disproportionate level of risk, capable of escalating from a minor mishap to a limb-threatening complication. At Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, we see first-hand the devastating consequences that can arise from seemingly innocuous DIY foot care. Understanding these dangers is the first step towards safeguarding your foot health and preventing serious issues.

The Silent Threats: Why Diabetes Makes Feet Vulnerable

Diabetes is a chronic condition that, when not properly managed, can significantly impact various systems within the body, including the nervous and circulatory systems. These systemic changes are precisely what make the feet of a diabetic person uniquely vulnerable. There are three primary factors at play:

1. Diabetic Neuropathy: The Loss of Sensation

One of the most insidious complications of diabetes is peripheral neuropathy, which damages the nerves, particularly in the feet. This nerve damage can lead to a loss of sensation, meaning a diabetic individual might not feel pain, heat, cold, or even a minor injury. Imagine attempting to trim your toenails when you can’t accurately feel the pressure of the clippers or the sensation of a sharp edge. A small cut, nick, or even an ingrown toenail can go entirely unnoticed, creating an open wound that becomes an entry point for bacteria.

2. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): Compromised Circulation

Diabetes often contributes to atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries, narrowing them and restricting blood flow. This is particularly prevalent in the legs and feet, a condition known as Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). Poor circulation means that if an injury occurs, such as a cut from nail trimming, less oxygen-rich blood and fewer vital nutrients and immune cells reach the affected area. This severely impairs the body’s ability to heal and fight off infection, turning a minor wound into a persistent and dangerous ulcer.

3. Impaired Immune Function: A Weakened Defense

Another critical factor is the compromised immune system often seen in people with diabetes. High blood sugar levels can impair the function of white blood cells, which are the body’s primary defense against infection. Even if a small cut is noticed, the body’s ability to mount an effective immune response is diminished. This means that a bacterial infection, which a healthy individual might easily shrug off, can rapidly spread and become severe for someone with diabetes. This weakened defense mechanism is why a “minor nick” in a diabetic foot, as highlighted in our excerpt, can indeed lead to rapid and serious bacterial infection.

The Direct Dangers of DIY Nail Cutting

Given the underlying vulnerabilities, it becomes clear why DIY nail cutting poses such a heightened risk. Here are some specific dangers:

• Accidental Nicks and Cuts: Without proper sensation, it’s easy to cut too close to the skin or accidentally nick the surrounding tissue. Even the smallest breach in the skin can become a gateway for infection, especially with impaired immunity and poor circulation.
• Ingrown Toenails: Improper trimming, such as cutting nails too short or rounding the corners, significantly increases the risk of developing ingrown toenails. For a diabetic, an ingrown toenail isn’t just painful; it’s a chronic irritant that can break the skin, leading to infection and ulceration.
• Fungal Infections: Sharing nail clippers, using unsterilised tools, or simply cutting nails incorrectly can make the nail bed more susceptible to fungal infections. Diabetic feet are already prone to these, and an untreated fungal infection can compromise the nail and skin further, creating more opportunities for bacterial invasion.
• Pressure Sores and Ulcers: Improperly trimmed nails can rub against adjacent toes or footwear, creating pressure points that develop into sores or ulcers. These are notoriously difficult to heal for diabetics and are a leading cause of hospitalisation and amputation.
• Delayed Recognition of Problems: Because of neuropathy, a diabetic might not feel the pain or discomfort associated with a developing problem, allowing it to worsen significantly before it’s discovered.

The Path to Amputation: A Grim Reality

It might seem extreme to link a simple nail trim to amputation, but for diabetics, this is a very real and tragic progression. An unnoticed cut leads to an infection. Poor circulation prevents the infection from healing. A weakened immune system allows the infection to spread, potentially into the bone (osteomyelitis). If the infection cannot be controlled, or if the tissue damage is too extensive, amputation becomes a necessary, life-saving measure. Diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputations worldwide, a statistic we are dedicated to helping reduce here in Loughborough.

Why Professional Diabetic Nail Care is Essential

At Light Step Foot Clinic, our qualified Loughborough practitioners are specially trained to provide safe, specialized diabetic nail care. We understand the intricate complexities of diabetic foot health and take every precaution to prevent complications. Here’s what professional care offers:

• Expert Assessment: We thoroughly examine your feet for signs of neuropathy, poor circulation, skin changes, existing wounds, and potential infection, often before you’re even aware of a problem.
• Sterile Instruments: All our instruments are medically sterilised to eliminate the risk of introducing bacteria or fungi during treatment.
• Precise and Safe Trimming: Our podiatrists are skilled in cutting nails correctly to prevent ingrown toenails, nicks, and other injuries.
• Early Detection and Intervention: We can identify and treat minor issues like calluses, corns, and fungal infections before they escalate into serious problems.
• Education and Advice: We provide personalised advice on daily foot care, appropriate footwear, and warning signs to look out for.
• Ongoing Monitoring: Regular appointments allow us to monitor your foot health over time, adapting care as your needs change, ensuring optimal foot health throughout 2026 and beyond.

The importance of this specialised care is echoed by leading health organisations. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, for instance, strongly recommend regular foot examinations and professional care for individuals with diabetes to prevent and manage foot complications.

Beyond Nail Trimming: Holistic Diabetic Foot Care

While professional nail care is paramount, it’s part of a broader strategy for managing diabetic foot health. We encourage our patients in Loughborough to:

• Inspect Your Feet Daily: Look for cuts, blisters, redness, swelling, or nail changes. Use a mirror if needed or ask a family member for help.
• Wash Feet Daily: Use lukewarm water and mild soap, drying thoroughly, especially between the toes.
• Moisturise: Keep skin supple, but avoid moisturiser between toes to prevent fungal growth.
• Wear Proper Footwear: Choose well-fitting shoes and seamless socks to prevent friction and pressure points. Avoid going barefoot.
• Manage Blood Sugar: Good glycaemic control is fundamental to preventing and managing all diabetic complications.
• Be Active: Regular physical activity improves circulation.
• Quit Smoking: Smoking further compromises circulation and impairs healing.

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) emphasizes that comprehensive foot care, including regular professional check-ups, is crucial for preventing serious foot complications in people with diabetes. This reinforces our commitment at Light Step Foot Clinic to providing the highest standard of diabetic foot care.

Don’t Take Chances with Your Feet

Your feet are vital, and for those with diabetes, they require an extra layer of protection and professional attention. DIY nail cutting might seem harmless, but the risks are simply too high. Don’t wait for a problem to arise; proactive, professional care can save your feet and, potentially, your mobility. If you are living with diabetes in Loughborough or the surrounding areas, we urge you to prioritize your foot health.

Contact Light Step Foot Clinic today to schedule an appointment with one of our experienced podiatrists. Let us provide the expert, compassionate care your feet deserve, ensuring they remain healthy and strong for years to come.

References:

1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Diabetes foot problems: prevention and management (NG19).
2. American Diabetes Association. Foot Care.

Preventing Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Loughborough Guide

For individuals living with diabetes, maintaining impeccable foot health is not just about comfort; it’s a critical component of overall well-being and disease management. Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) represent a severe complication that, if left untreated, can lead to debilitating infections, gangrene, and even amputation. In Loughborough, we understand the profound impact these complications can have on your life. At Light Step Foot Clinic, we are dedicated to providing the preventative care and essential clinical oversight needed to keep diabetic feet healthy. Studies show that regular clinical debridement of pre-ulcerative calluses significantly reduces ulcer formation. We provide the essential clinical oversight needed to keep diabetic feet healthy.

Understanding the Threat: Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Diabetic Foot Ulcers are open sores or wounds that primarily occur on the feet of people with diabetes. These ulcers often begin as seemingly minor issues but can rapidly escalate due to several diabetes-related factors. The primary culprits include diabetic neuropathy, which causes a loss of sensation, and peripheral artery disease (PAD), which impairs blood flow to the feet. When you can’t feel pain or pressure, minor injuries like blisters, cuts, or areas of repetitive friction from ill-fitting shoes can go unnoticed and untreated, quickly developing into ulcers. Compounding this, poor circulation means that once an ulcer forms, it struggles to heal, leaving the foot vulnerable to serious infection. Calluses, which develop from repeated pressure, are a significant precursor to ulcer formation, particularly pre-ulcerative calluses that indicate underlying tissue stress. Identifying and treating these early is crucial for preventing more severe complications. Annually, approximately 15-25% of individuals with type 2 diabetes will develop a DFU, highlighting the widespread nature of this condition and the critical need for proactive prevention strategies.

Your Daily Defence: Essential Home Foot Care

Effective DFU prevention starts at home with a diligent daily foot care routine. This routine empowers you to be the first line of defence against potential problems:

• Daily Inspection: Make it a habit to check your feet thoroughly every day. Look for any changes such as redness, swelling, blisters, cuts, scratches, cracks, corns, calluses, or changes in skin colour or temperature. Use a mirror or ask a family member for help if reaching your feet is difficult.
• Washing and Drying: Wash your feet daily with lukewarm water and mild soap. Crucially, dry them completely, especially between the toes, to prevent fungal infections.
• Moisturising: Apply a good quality moisturiser to your feet daily, avoiding the areas between your toes to prevent excessive moisture build-up. This helps keep the skin supple and prevents cracks that could lead to infection.
• Nail Care: Trim toenails straight across, not too short, and file any sharp edges. If you have thick, ingrown, or fungal nails, it’s best to seek professional help from a podiatrist.
• Appropriate Footwear: Always wear shoes and socks, even indoors, to protect your feet from injury. Choose well-fitting, comfortable shoes with good support. Avoid tight shoes, high heels, or shoes with pointed toes that can cause pressure points. Seamless socks made from moisture-wicking materials are ideal. Before putting on shoes, check inside them for any foreign objects or rough seams.

The Expert Advantage: Professional Podiatric Care at Light Step

While daily self-care is vital, it must be complemented by regular professional podiatric care. The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) recommends annual screening for individuals at very low risk of foot ulceration, with more frequent assessments for those at higher risk. Our experienced podiatrists at Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough offer specialised services designed to identify and mitigate DFU risks:

• Regular Foot Check-ups: We conduct comprehensive assessments to evaluate your foot health, checking for early signs of neuropathy, peripheral artery disease, skin changes, and structural abnormalities.
• The Crucial Role of Clinical Debridement: One of the most effective preventative measures is the professional debridement of pre-ulcerative calluses. These thickened areas of skin indicate underlying pressure and friction that, if ignored, can break down and form an ulcer. Regular clinical removal of this dead or damaged tissue promotes healing, reduces pressure, and significantly lowers the risk of ulcer development. This procedure, performed skillfully by our podiatrists, is a cornerstone of our preventative care strategy for diabetic patients.
• Footwear and Orthotic Advice: We assess your current footwear and provide expert guidance on suitable shoes that offer proper support and reduce pressure points. We can also prescribe custom orthotics to redistribute pressure and accommodate foot deformities, further preventing callus and ulcer formation. The IWGDF guidelines recommend therapeutic footwear that has a demonstrated plantar pressure-relieving effect.
• Early Detection and Treatment: Our podiatrists are trained to identify subtle signs of neuropathy (loss of sensation) and peripheral artery disease through various tests. Early detection allows for timely intervention, such as optimising blood sugar control and, if necessary, referral to other specialists.
• Patient Education: We provide personalised advice and education on effective self-care techniques, helping you understand your specific risk factors and how to manage them proactively. This includes coaching on foot self-care and the importance of not walking barefoot.

Beyond the Feet: Holistic Diabetes Management

Preventing DFUs is part of a broader commitment to managing your diabetes effectively. Optimal blood sugar control is paramount, as high glucose levels contribute to both nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation (PAD). A healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking all play significant roles in reducing DFU risk. Smoking, in particular, severely restricts blood flow, exacerbating PAD and hindering wound healing. A multidisciplinary approach, involving your GP, endocrinologist, and podiatrist, leads to improved outcomes in preventing and managing diabetic complications.

Why Choose Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough?

At Light Step Foot Clinic, we pride ourselves on being a trusted partner in your diabetic foot health journey. Located conveniently in Loughborough, our clinic is equipped with the latest tools and techniques to provide superior podiatric care. Our team of compassionate and highly skilled podiatrists offers personalised treatment plans tailored to your unique needs and risk profile. We believe in proactive, preventative care that not only addresses existing concerns but also anticipates and guards against future complications. As we look towards 2026, our commitment to leveraging evidence-based practices and continuous professional development remains steadfast, ensuring Loughborough residents receive the best possible care for their feet.

Conclusion

Diabetic foot ulcers are a serious, yet largely preventable, complication of diabetes. By combining diligent daily foot care at home with regular, expert podiatric care from professionals like those at Light Step Foot Clinic in Loughborough, you can drastically reduce your risk. Don’t wait for problems to arise; take proactive steps today to protect your feet and preserve your quality of life. Schedule your comprehensive diabetic foot assessment with Light Step Foot Clinic and take the first step towards healthier, happier feet.

References:

1. Podimetrics. (2023, June 27). How To Prevent Pre-Ulcerative Calluses For Diabetics. Retrieved from https://www.podimetrics.com/blog/prevent-pre-ulcerative-calluses/
2. Bus, S. A., et al. (2024, March 15). Guidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update). Diabetic Medicine, 41(3), e15264. Retrieved from https://iwgdfguidelines.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/IWGDF-2023-prevention-guideline-Diabetic-Medicine-2024.pdf

Clinical Components of a Diabetic Foot Assessment

At Lightstep, a diabetic check includes meticulous nail debridement, detailed dermatological inspection, and vital Doppler or palpation tests for vascular circulation.

Diabetes is a chronic condition that impacts millions worldwide, and one of its most serious complications often manifests in the feet. For individuals living with diabetes, regular, comprehensive foot assessments are not just a recommendation but a crucial lifeline against potentially devastating outcomes like ulceration, infection, and even amputation. At Lightstep, a dedicated foot clinic in Loughborough, UK, we understand the profound importance of these assessments. Our approach is designed to provide proactive, preventative, and meticulous care, ensuring optimal foot health for our diabetic patients. This article delves into the critical clinical components of a diabetic foot assessment, highlighting how these detailed examinations safeguard your well-being.

The Unseen Dangers: Why Diabetic Foot Care is Paramount

The insidious nature of diabetic foot complications stems from two primary issues: peripheral neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Peripheral neuropathy, or nerve damage, can lead to a loss of sensation, meaning small cuts, blisters, or pressure sores may go unnoticed until they become severe. This loss of protective sensation is a significant risk factor for ulceration. Concurrently, PAD reduces blood flow to the feet, impairing the body’s ability to heal wounds and fight off infections. Without adequate circulation, even minor injuries can escalate rapidly, posing a severe threat to limb viability. These combined factors underscore why annual foot assessments are recommended by national guidelines, such as those from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).

Comprehensive Assessment at Lightstep: Our Clinical Approach

At Lightstep in Loughborough, our diabetic foot assessments are thorough, systematic, and patient-centred. We adhere to best practice guidelines to identify risks early and implement effective preventative strategies. Each assessment comprises several key clinical components:

1. Detailed Dermatological Inspection: The Visual Scan for Early Warnings

The first step in any comprehensive diabetic foot assessment is a meticulous visual inspection of both feet, with shoes, socks, and any dressings removed. Our experienced podiatrists at Lightstep carefully examine the skin for any abnormalities that could indicate underlying issues. This includes looking for changes in skin colour, temperature, and texture. Key areas of focus are:

• Skin Integrity: We check for dryness, cracks (fissures), peeling, and any signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or warmth. Areas between the toes are particularly vulnerable to fungal infections due to moisture.
• Calluses and Corns: While common, excessive calluses or corns can indicate areas of high pressure and friction. In a diabetic foot, these can quickly break down and form ulcers if not managed correctly.
• Blisters and Ulcerations: Even the smallest blister or open sore can become a serious problem for a diabetic patient. We meticulously search for any breaks in the skin, especially on the soles of the feet and pressure points.
• Foot Deformities: Conditions like bunions, hammer toes, claw toes, or Charcot arthropathy can alter foot mechanics, creating abnormal pressure areas that increase the risk of ulceration. Our assessment includes an evaluation of these structural changes.
• Nail Health: Ingrown toenails, thickened nails, or fungal nail infections can lead to complications and are carefully noted.

2. Meticulous Nail Debridement: Preventing Further Issues

As part of our standard diabetic check, meticulous nail debridement is performed when necessary. This involves the careful trimming, filing, and clearing of thickened, ingrown, or overgrown toenails. Diabetic patients are advised against self-treating their nails due to the risk of accidental injury and subsequent infection. Professional debridement at Lightstep not only improves comfort but also reduces the risk of nails causing pressure or trauma to the surrounding skin, which could otherwise lead to ulceration, particularly in those with neuropathy or vascular compromise.

3. Vital Vascular Assessment: Checking the Lifeline of the Foot

Assessing vascular circulation is paramount to understanding the foot’s ability to heal and resist infection. At Lightstep, this involves both palpation and, if needed, Doppler tests:

• Pulse Palpation: Our podiatrists carefully palpate the pulses in each foot – specifically the dorsalis pedis (on the top of the foot) and the posterior tibial (behind the inner ankle bone). The presence and strength of these pulses provide an initial indication of blood flow to the lower limbs.
• Doppler Assessment: If pulses are difficult to detect or absent during palpation, a handheld Doppler ultrasound device is used. This non-invasive tool helps amplify the sound of blood flowing through the arteries, providing a more definitive assessment of vascular status. Reduced or absent pulses can signify Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), a critical risk factor for poor wound healing and amputation.
• Capillary Refill Time: Another quick check involves gently pressing on the toenail and observing how quickly the colour returns. A delayed capillary refill time can also indicate compromised circulation.

4. Neurological Assessment: Testing for Loss of Protective Sensation

A crucial component not to be overlooked is the neurological assessment, which directly addresses peripheral neuropathy. This helps identify if a patient has lost the ability to feel pain, temperature, or pressure, making them vulnerable to unnoticed injuries. Key tests include:

• 10g Monofilament Test: This is considered the best current method for predicting ulceration due to loss of protective sensation. A fine nylon filament is applied to specific sites on the foot, and the patient indicates if they can feel the pressure. An inability to feel the filament in multiple sites is a strong indicator of neuropathy.
• Vibration Perception: Using a tuning fork, the ability to perceive vibration is tested on various bony prominences of the foot.

5. Biomechanical and Footwear Assessment: Understanding Your Foot’s Dynamics

The way a person walks and the type of footwear they use can significantly impact foot health, especially in diabetic individuals. Our assessment at Lightstep includes:

• Gait Analysis: Observing how a patient walks can reveal abnormal pressure points or compensatory movements that increase risk.
• Footwear Review: Ill-fitting or inappropriate footwear is a leading cause of diabetic foot problems. We assess the patient’s shoes for proper fit, support, and potential areas of friction or pressure, offering advice on suitable alternatives.

Risk Stratification and Proactive Care at Lightstep

Following a comprehensive assessment, our Loughborough podiatrists classify the patient’s risk level for developing diabetic foot problems as low, moderate, or high. This stratification guides the frequency of future assessments and the development of an individualized care plan. For instance, high-risk patients may require more frequent check-ups and specialized interventions. In 2026 and beyond, staying ahead of potential complications will remain our top priority.

At Lightstep, we don’t just assess; we educate. Providing patients with essential foot care education, including daily self-checks and proper hygiene, empowers them to actively participate in their foot health management. We work collaboratively with GPs and other healthcare professionals to ensure integrated care for our diabetic patients.

Conclusion

Diabetic foot assessments are a cornerstone of preventative healthcare for individuals with diabetes. The meticulous clinical components – from dermatological inspection and nail debridement to vital vascular and neurological assessments – all play a critical role in identifying risks early and preventing severe complications. At Lightstep in Loughborough, our commitment to thorough, evidence-based diabetic foot care ensures that our patients receive the highest standard of protection for their feet. Don’t wait for a problem to arise; prioritize your foot health with regular, professional diabetic foot assessments.

To schedule your diabetic foot assessment or to learn more about our services, please visit light-step.co.uk or contact us directly.

References:

1. NHS Borders. Guidelines in support of Diabetic Foot Assessments.
2. NICE. Diabetic Foot Problems: NICE 2025 Guideline Summary. Medscape Reference.

Understanding Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Patients

Chronic high blood sugar damages the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves. Our £45 diabetic foot checks carefully map sensory loss using clinical monofilament testing to protect your lower limbs.

Diabetes is a chronic condition that, if not carefully managed, can lead to a range of complications affecting various parts of the body. One of the most common and often insidious complications is diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a type of nerve damage that primarily affects the feet and legs. At Light-Step.co.uk, your trusted foot clinic in Loughborough, UK, we understand the critical importance of early detection and proactive management of DPN. Our dedicated team is committed to safeguarding the foot health of diabetic patients, helping them maintain their mobility and quality of life.

Peripheral neuropathy affects up to 50% of patients with diabetes, making it a significant concern for those living with the condition. This comprehensive guide aims to shed light on what DPN is, why it’s so dangerous, how it’s diagnosed, and crucially, how we at Light-Step.co.uk can help you manage and prevent its progression.

What is Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy?

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy refers to nerve damage caused by persistently high blood sugar levels over time. The “peripheral” nerves are those outside of the brain and spinal cord, including those that send sensation to the arms, hands, legs, and feet. When these nerves are damaged, they can no longer transmit signals effectively between the brain and the rest of the body, leading to a loss of sensation, pain, or weakness.

The excerpt rightly points out that chronic high blood sugar directly damages the myelin sheath, the protective covering around nerve fibres, akin to the insulation around an electrical wire. This damage impairs the nerves’ ability to conduct impulses, leading to the symptoms associated with DPN.

The Silent Threat: Why Early Detection Matters

One of the most dangerous aspects of DPN is its often subtle onset. Many individuals may not notice symptoms in their early stages, or they might attribute them to other minor ailments. This “silent” progression can be particularly hazardous, especially in the feet. As sensation diminishes, a person with DPN may not feel cuts, blisters, burns, or pressure sores on their feet. These unnoticed injuries can quickly escalate into serious foot ulcers and infections, which are notoriously difficult to heal in diabetic patients due to compromised circulation and immune function. If left untreated, severe infections can necessitate amputation, a devastating outcome that is largely preventable with proper care.

Recognising the Symptoms

While DPN can progress silently, there are often warning signs that, if heeded, can prompt early intervention. Symptoms typically begin gradually and worsen over time. They commonly include:

• Numbness or reduced ability to feel pain or temperature changes: This is a key indicator of sensory nerve damage.
• Tingling or burning sensations: Often described as pins and needles.
• Sharp pains or cramps: These can range from mild to severe and may be more pronounced at night.
• Increased sensitivity to touch: Even a light touch can feel painful.
• Muscle weakness and loss of reflexes: Affecting balance and coordination.
• Serious foot problems: Ulcers, infections, bone and joint damage (Charcot foot).

If you experience any of these symptoms, particularly in your feet, it is crucial to seek professional assessment immediately. Early screening for DPN is recommended as soon as type 2 diabetes is diagnosed, and five years after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, with annual screenings thereafter.

The Science Behind Nerve Damage

The primary culprit behind DPN is prolonged exposure to high blood glucose levels. While the exact mechanisms are complex, it’s understood that high sugar levels can directly injure nerve fibres and the small blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the nerves. This lack of nourishment further compromises nerve health and function. Over time, the damage accumulates, leading to the irreversible changes characteristic of neuropathy.

Your Essential Diabetic Foot Check at Light-Step.co.uk

This is where Light-Step.co.uk plays a vital role in protecting your lower limbs. Our specialist foot clinic in Loughborough offers comprehensive £45 diabetic foot checks, meticulously designed to detect DPN and other diabetes-related foot complications early. Our experienced podiatrists utilise advanced clinical techniques to assess your foot health thoroughly.

A cornerstone of our assessment is clinical monofilament testing. This simple, non-invasive test involves using a thin, flexible filament to lightly touch several areas on your foot. The monofilament is designed to buckle when a specific amount of pressure is applied, allowing us to accurately determine if you have lost protective sensation in your feet. By carefully mapping sensory loss, we can identify areas at highest risk of injury and ulceration, enabling targeted preventative strategies.

Beyond monofilament testing, our diabetic foot checks include:

• A detailed visual inspection of your feet for any skin changes, deformities, or early signs of injury.
• Assessment of your circulation using Doppler ultrasound if necessary.
• Evaluation of your reflexes and muscle strength.
• Discussion of your medical history and lifestyle to identify additional risk factors.
• Personalised advice on daily foot care, footwear, and lifestyle modifications.

Proactive Management and Prevention

While nerve damage from DPN can be challenging to reverse, its progression can often be slowed or even halted with diligent management. The most crucial step is maintaining optimal blood glucose control. Working closely with your GP or diabetes care team to keep your blood sugar within target ranges is paramount. Alongside this, a healthy lifestyle encompassing a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and avoiding smoking can significantly reduce your risk of developing or worsening neuropathy.

For those experiencing painful DPN, there are various treatment options available to manage symptoms, including certain medications and non-drug therapies such as exercise. However, these treatments primarily focus on pain relief and do not restore sensation. This underscores the importance of our preventative foot care.

Living Well with Neuropathy (and Preventing its Onset)

Beyond clinical checks, daily self-care is a critical component of foot health for diabetic patients. Our team at Light-Step.co.uk provides tailored advice, empowering you with the knowledge to protect your feet every day:

• Inspect your feet daily: Look for cuts, blisters, redness, swelling, or any changes. Use a mirror or ask a family member for help if needed.
• Wash your feet daily: Use lukewarm water and mild soap, then dry them thoroughly, especially between the toes.
• Moisturise your feet: Apply cream to prevent dry, cracked skin, but avoid applying it between the toes.
• Wear appropriate footwear: Always wear well-fitting, comfortable shoes and socks that protect your feet from injury. Avoid walking barefoot.
• Trim toenails carefully: Cut them straight across to prevent ingrown nails. If you have difficulty, our podiatrists can assist.
• Never treat corns or calluses yourself: Seek professional help from a podiatrist.

Why Regular Professional Care is Non-Negotiable

Even with excellent self-care, regular professional diabetic foot assessments are non-negotiable for anyone living with diabetes. A podiatrist has the specialised knowledge and tools to identify subtle changes and risks that you might miss. Our preventative approach, combining thorough assessments with personalised education, is your best defence against the severe complications of DPN. By booking your annual diabetic foot check, you are investing in your long-term foot health and overall well-being.

Light-Step.co.uk: Your Partner in Foot Health in Loughborough

At Light-Step.co.uk, we pride ourselves on offering compassionate, expert foot care to the Loughborough community and surrounding areas. Our mission is to educate, empower, and protect our patients from the debilitating effects of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. We believe that with the right care and vigilance, diabetic patients can lead full, active lives without the constant threat of foot complications.

Looking Ahead to 2026 and Beyond

As we move through 2026, the understanding and management of diabetes and its complications continue to evolve. Light-Step.co.uk remains at the forefront of adopting best practices and integrating the latest guidelines into our patient care. Our commitment is to provide the most effective and up-to-date treatments to ensure the longevity and health of your lower limbs for years to come.

Don’t wait for symptoms to worsen. If you have diabetes, make your foot health a priority. Contact Light-Step.co.uk today to book your £45 diabetic foot check and take a proactive step towards protecting your feet and your future. Our friendly team in Loughborough is ready to welcome you and provide the expert care you deserve.

References:

1. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Prevention and Treatment – AAFP
2. ADA Guidelines for Diabetic Neuropathy Treatment & Management – Michigan Medicine

The Pathophysiology of the Diabetic Foot

Diabetes causes microvascular damage and peripheral neuropathy. Regular foot health checks at our Loughborough clinic are clinically proven to prevent unnoticed injuries from developing into severe neuropathic ulcers.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition affecting millions worldwide, and while its impact on blood sugar levels is well-known, its devastating effects on the lower extremities, particularly the feet, are often underestimated. The “diabetic foot” encompasses a range of complications, from minor infections to severe ulcers, which can ultimately lead to amputation. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology is crucial for effective prevention and management. At light-step.co.uk, our Loughborough foot clinic is dedicated to providing comprehensive care to protect the foot health of individuals living with diabetes.

The Triad of Damage: Neuropathy, Vascular Insufficiency, and Infection

The development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is a complex interplay of several factors, often described as a deadly triad: diabetic neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease (vascular insufficiency), and heightened susceptibility to infection. These elements, when combined, create an environment where minor trauma can escalate rapidly into a limb-threatening condition. In 2026, as diabetes prevalence continues to rise, the importance of proactive foot care becomes ever more critical.

Diabetic Neuropathy: The Loss of Protective Sensation

Diabetic neuropathy, or nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood sugar, is a cornerstone of diabetic foot complications. This condition manifests in several forms, each contributing to the vulnerability of the foot:

1. Sensory Neuropathy: This is perhaps the most dangerous aspect, as it leads to a loss of protective sensation (LOPS) in the feet. Hyperglycaemia-induced metabolic abnormalities, such as the upregulation of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, cause an accumulation of glucose products like fructose and sorbitol, leading to osmotic stress and reduced nerve conduction. As a result, individuals with diabetes may not feel pain, heat, or cold effectively. A small cut, blister from ill-fitting shoes, or even a foreign object in the shoe can go unnoticed for days or weeks, allowing it to worsen and become infected.
2. Motor Neuropathy: Damage to motor nerves can lead to atrophy of the small muscles in the foot. This muscular imbalance can cause structural deformities such as claw toes or hammer toes, altering the biomechanics of the foot. These deformities create abnormal pressure points on the sole of the foot, significantly increasing the risk of callus formation, subcutaneous haemorrhage, and ultimately, skin breakdown and ulceration.
3. Autonomic Neuropathy: This affects the nerves that control involuntary bodily functions. In the context of the diabetic foot, autonomic neuropathy impairs sweat production, leading to excessively dry and cracked skin. These fissures provide easy entry points for bacteria, further increasing the risk of infection. Additionally, it can affect blood flow regulation, contributing to compromised tissue health.

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) and Microvascular Damage: Impaired Blood Flow

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is another critical component in the pathophysiology of the diabetic foot. It involves the narrowing of blood vessels, primarily arteries, due to atherosclerosis, reducing blood flow to the lower limbs. Chronic hyperglycaemia directly contributes to endothelial dysfunction and microcirculation atherosclerosis, suppressing endothelial nitric oxide production and leading to heightened inflammation and abnormal intimal growth. This macrovascular damage is compounded by microvascular disease, where the small blood vessels are also damaged. Reduced blood supply means that tissues receive insufficient oxygen and nutrients, impairing their ability to heal wounds and fight off infections. Even a minor injury on a poorly perfused foot will struggle to heal, making the limb highly susceptible to chronic ulceration and gangrene. The combination of insensitivity from neuropathy and poor circulation from PAD creates a devastating scenario where injuries are both unfelt and unable to heal.

Impaired Immune Response and Infection

Individuals with diabetes often have a compromised immune system, making them more vulnerable to infections. High blood sugar levels can impair the function of white blood cells, the body’s primary defence against pathogens. When an ulcer develops, bacteria can easily enter the compromised tissue. Due to poor blood supply, antibiotics may struggle to reach the infection site effectively, making treatment challenging. Infections can spread rapidly, leading to cellulitis, osteomyelitis (bone infection), and in severe cases, sepsis. Uncontrolled infection is a leading cause of major amputations in diabetic foot disease. The interaction between metabolic dysfunction, diabetic immunopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic angiopathy promotes the development and progression of diabetic foot infections.

The Pathway to Ulceration and Amputation

The progression to a diabetic foot ulcer typically begins with repetitive minor trauma to an insensate foot. This could be from ill-fitting shoes, walking barefoot, or even minor bumps and scrapes that go unnoticed. Because of neuropathy, the person does not feel the injury. With motor neuropathy causing foot deformities, specific areas experience high plantar pressures, predisposing them to breakdown. The skin then breaks down, forming an ulcer. If peripheral arterial disease is present, the poor blood supply delays healing, and the compromised immune system allows infection to take hold and spread rapidly. If left untreated, the infection can spread to bone, leading to osteomyelitis, and eventually, the only option may be amputation to save the patient’s life.

Prevention is Paramount: Your Loughborough Foot Clinic Can Help

Given the severe consequences of diabetic foot complications, prevention is the most effective strategy. Regular screening and early intervention are key to identifying risk factors and preventing ulcers from developing.

At light-step.co.uk, our expert podiatrists in Loughborough provide comprehensive diabetic foot care, focusing on:

• Identifying the At-Risk Foot: Through thorough assessments, we can identify individuals with neuropathy, PAD, foot deformities, or a history of previous ulcers – all high-risk factors for future complications.
• Regular Foot Examinations: We recommend routine inspections every 1-3 months for high-risk individuals, and every 6-12 months for those at lower risk. These examinations allow us to detect any early warning signs, such as changes in skin texture, callus formation, or minor injuries, before they escalate.
• Patient Education: Empowering patients with knowledge is vital. We provide clear guidance on daily foot care routines, including daily inspection of the feet (using a mirror for hard-to-see areas), proper washing and moisturising techniques, and careful nail trimming. Patients are also advised to never walk barefoot, even indoors.
• Appropriate Footwear: Ill-fitting shoes are a leading cause of diabetic foot ulcers. Our clinic offers advice on selecting appropriate footwear that provides ample toe room, a wide toe box, cushioning, and support, and can recommend custom-moulded shoes or orthotics for those with significant deformities or high-pressure areas.
• Treating Risk Factors: We work in conjunction with your healthcare team to manage underlying risk factors such as uncontrolled blood sugar, smoking, high cholesterol, and alcohol consumption. For any pre-ulcerative lesions, prompt podiatric treatment can prevent progression to an open wound.

The burden of diabetic foot disease is significant, both for patients and healthcare systems. However, with a proactive approach and consistent, integrated foot care, the risk of devastating complications can be drastically reduced. Our Loughborough clinic is here to support you every step of the way, ensuring that your feet remain healthy and active for years to come.

References:

1. Prabhu, J. S., et al. “Diabetic foot ulcer: A comprehensive review of pathophysiology and management modalities.” *World Journal of Diabetes*, vol. 14, no. 3, 2023, pp. 129-142.
2. Zhang, Y., et al. “The pathophysiology of diabetic foot: a narrative review.” *Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research*, vol. 18, no. 1, 2023, p. 748.